The information based on Bird Conservation of Nepal.

Birds are feathered bipeds. They belong to class Aves and subphylum Vertebrata. The most distinguishing character of birds is the possession of feathers and the forelimbs modified into wings. Birds descended 140 million years ago from the reptilian stock similar to that which produced dinosaurs, a bird-like creature, called Archaeopteryx.

• Body covered by feather, air-breathing, warm-blooded, egg laying and bipedal flying vertebrates.
• Body is more or less spindle-shaped and divisible into head, neck, trunk and tail. Head bears jaw bones prolonged into a toothless beak. Neck is long and flexible. Trunk is compact and tail is short and stumpy for balancing, steering and lift during flight.
• They have one pair of legs and one pair of wings. Legs are large and are adapted for walking, running, scratching, perching, capturing food, swimming etc.
• Wing bears three clawless digits and leg bears four clawed toes, of which the first or hallus is directed backwards.
• Body is covered with feathers forming a non-conducting body covering for warmth and lightness of bodyweight.
• The bones of birds are different to those of other animals. They have a hollow space inside the bone filled with air, which makes the body light so that birds can fly easily.
• Gullet dilated into a crop for quick feeding and storage. Stomach is divided into a glandular proventriculus and a muscular gizzard.
• Heart is four chambered.
• Lungs are spongy and non-distensible. Air-sacs are present and some of them communicate with air cavities in the bones. Vocal cord is absent in birds but they produce sound with the help of sound box (syrinx) present at or near the junction of trachea and bronchi.
• Parental care is highly developed, ensuring safety of the eggs and young.

Status of Birds in Nepal

Nepal has a sharp climatic variation from subtropical to alpine within the short span of less than 200km (from north to south). The altitude varies from about 60m above the sea level in the south lowland to 8.848m in the north. Nepal is rich in biodiversity. The country possesses a high biodiversity considering its size.

So far, 864 species of birds have been recorded in Nepal, which are about 8% of the total bird species found worldwide. A total of 33 globally threatened species, 19 near threatened species and 15 restricted-range species are recorded in Nepal. Spiny Babbler Turdoides nipalensis is the only endemic bird of Nepal known so far. Nine species of birds are listed under the protected species by Government of Nepal.

As many as 130 breeding and wintering species (15% of Nepal's birds) are now considered nationally threatened. Habitat loss is the major threat to 86% of the birds at risk. Hunting, illegal trade and poisoning are other threats to birds in Nepal.

Birds are feathered bipeds. They belong to class Aves and subphylum Vertebrata. The most distinguishing character of birds is the possession of feathers and the forelimbs modified into wings. Birds descended 140 million years ago from the reptilian stock similar to that which produced dinosaurs, a bird-like creature, called Archaeopteryx.

Extinct/Extirpated Birds of Nepal
Species Name	National Status	Habitat
1. Jungle Bush Quail Perdicula asiatica	Extirpated: only recorded in 19th century	Dry grass and scrub
2. Rufous-necked Hornbill Aceros nipalensis	Extirpated: only recorded in 19th century	Mature broadleaved evergreen forest
3. Silver-breasted Broadbill Serilophus lunatus	Extirpated: only recorded in 19th century	Broadleaved evergreen forest
4. Green Cochoa Cochoa viridis	Extirpated: only recorded in 19th century	Broadleaved evergreen forest
5. Red-faced Liocichla Liocichla phoenicea	Extirpated: only recorded in 19th century	Broadleaved evergreen forest
6. Black-breasted Parrotbill Paradoxornis flavirostris	Extirpated: only recorded in 19th century	Dense thickets of reeds, high grass and bamboo
7. Pink-headed Duck Rhodonessa caryophyllacea	Extirpated: only recorded in 19th century	Pools and marshes
8. White-bellied Heron Ardea insignis	Extirpated: only recorded in 19th century	Rivers in broadleaved foothill forests
9. Brown Bush Warbler Bradypterus luteoventris	Extirpated: only recorded in 19th century	Undergrowth of bushes and grass in pine forest

Welcome to River Rafting & Kayaking in Nepal

Nepal is home to eight out of the fourteen highest peaks in the world with colorful and intricate Hindu religion to the austerity of the Buddhist monasteries. From these breathtaking heights, rivers crash down through the foothills, fed by monsoon rains and melting snow, on their way to the Great Plains of the Ganges.

Nepal has many rivers for you to explore: Trishuli River (rafting for 1 up to 3 days), Seti River (rafting trip 2 days), Bhote Koshi River (rafting 2 days), Kali Gandaki River (rafting 3 days), Marsyandi River (rafting/kayaking 4 days), Sun Koshi River (rafting 7 to 9 days), Arun River (rafting adventure 9 days), Karnali River (whitewater rafting 10 days), Tamur River (rafting adventure 11 days). On these rivers you will find the world's most thrilling whitewater with a wide range of difficulties, warm water and bug free beaches for camping. All this makes a wealth of unlimited opportunities for great river rafting, kayaking, climbing, mountaineering, biking, hiking and ever popular trekking adventures in Nepal. Nepal has something to offer to everyone.

We are proud to share our wonderful country, culture and our many years of experience in this field with you and give you an excellent opportunity to explore the remote countryside which is never possible without river trips.

• Sun Kosi River Rafting (7 nights/8 days)
  7 - 14th Sep., 29th Sep. to 6th October, 11 - 18th October, 28th Oct. to 4th November
• Sun Koshi River / Tamur River Combined Rafting (10 - 11 days)
  29th Sep. to 9th October, 11 - 20th October, 28th Oct. to 6th November
• Karnali River Rafting - Wild West (10 days)
  9 - 18th October, 7 - 16th November
• Marshyangdi River Rafting (3 days), 2 days rafting trips also available
  12th - 14 th October, 21st - 23rd October, 1 - 3rd November
• Kali Gandaki River Rafting (3 days - Pokhara to Pokhara)
  21 - 23 October, 26 - 28th October
• Tamur River Rafting (11 days)
  19 - 29th October
• Seti River Rafting (02 days)
  Please Check for your suitable date as we do organize river trips on this river all round the year.
• Bhote Kosi River Rafting (1 - 2 days)
  Please Check for your suitable date for joining basis.
• Trisuli River Rafting (1 - 2 days)
  Every Day all round the year

KAYAKING IN NEPAL

Kayaking on the Himalayan Rivers

With wide range of Himalayan rivers, wealth of challenging rapids and all year round paddling possibilities Nepal is the perfect destination for kayaking. Whatever is your paddling experience we can arrange a fun and enjoyable kayaking trip for you.

Kayaking course:

Our kayaking school is particularly popular, and we are glad to see many familiar faces return to us to enjoy increasingly exciting river journeys.

River Trips for experienced kayakers.

We run trips for experienced kayakers on all the permitted rivers of Nepal. Whatever your experience in kayaking – there is the river for everyone in Nepal! Our river trips range in length and difficulty, so we can help select a river to match your level. You can accompany one of our rafting trips or make you way on your own river journey. You can make river trip with one of our kayak guides or as part of a group as well.

Trips for Expedition Paddlers.

Our company is organizing and running sport expeditions on upper sections of Himalayan rivers, doing first descents in Nepal, so if you are an expedition paddler and want to join our team in one of our expeditions - -you are welcome! If you want to make your own expedition - we can help you organizing it. Want to know more about what we are doing?

Notes:

We can arrange kayaking trip on all and every permitted rivers of Nepal as well as paddling expeditions to the upper sections of the rivers, whether you want to paddle popular rivers or prefer to enjoy more remote and hidden ones, willing to take a challenge, to run kayak expedition - possibilities can be only limited by your time schedule and interests! We are here to help you to bring your plans to reality!

Safety on our kayaking trips:

We take the safety on our trips as our primary concern and it's reflected in every aspect of your time with us.

• All our guides are licensed, trained in CPR, first aid and advanced river rescue techniques.
• All our equipment is world class, up to date and carefully maintained.
• We ensure that the kayaks in use are suitable for the clients and meet their needs.
• We prepare all food with the utmost attention to hygiene.
• Whenever possible we use our own private minibus and driver.

What we provide:

Before your river journey you will be invited to an orientation meeting to discuss details of the trip. There will be opportunities at this meeting for you to ask any questions that you may have, discuss any personal requirements, such as a special diet or medical conditions that could affect your trip.

• We provide wholesome and hygienically prepared food and drinks.
• Along with our kayaks, we provide all necessary and related kayaking equipment and body wears, dry bags, camera barrels, all necessary safety and medical supplies.
• Tents and sleeping mats are also provided. Sleeping bags can be arranged upon request.
• All our equipment is of the highest quality, clean and well maintained.
• On all of our trips there will be a supply raft or road support that will transport all the gear that is needed for the duration of the kayaking trip.

What to Bring

In some ways it is the best to bring as little as possible to the river. There are however, some essential personal items. Please bring:

• Light weight clothing that will dry quickly, eg. shorts, t-shirts, swim wear for the river
• Warm clothing for the evenings including a fleece or pullover
• Sun cream and lip protector
• Sunglasses (with retaining device) or a cap
• Towels
• Toiletries (environmentally friendly is best!) and any personal medication
• Flashlight
• Footwear that will stay on in the river, river sandals or tennis shoes are the best. Footwear for the evenings

Good to consider:

Camera, spare film and batteries, Walkman/Discman, Spare glasses/contact lenses, Some reading materials, Snacks/treats, A small amount of money,A positive attitude is a must!

Please tell Us

It is essential that you inform us of any medical conditions that may affect your well being on the trip. Don’t forget to request vegetarian meals if required.

Enjoy Paddling on the Himalayan Rivers !

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